澳洲阿德莱德作业代写:纸张的引入

2019-05-29 02:55

纸张在伊朗的引入和使用对伊朗文化产生了深远的影响，但这种影响很少被注意或欣赏。大约在公元1000年，纸的广泛使用与新波斯语的复兴和阿拉伯文字书写的更流畅的文字的引入同时发生;的发明和发展青年ʿ液体脚本在十四和十五世纪之际,这本书的纸张艺术的繁荣,永远来描述写波斯(布莱尔,2006)。纸张的其他用途则不那么明显。在伊朗社会，书面文本、行为和文件扮演着越来越重要的角色，从口头语言到写作的转变，是建立在写作用纸越来越多的基础上的，就像14世纪兴盛起来的(插图)书中典型的伊朗艺术一样(Bloom, 2006)。伊朗艺术家在陶瓷碗和瓷砖等媒介上发展了绘画艺术，直到13世纪，他们开始只在纸上工作，创作其他工匠可以在各种媒介上实现的成品绘画和漫画(Bloom, 2000)。15世纪伊朗建筑日益统一的基础是基于纸上的计划和图纸，可以从一个地区发送到另一个地区，以确保建造者按照计划建造。许多伊朗最精美的建筑都是由闪闪发光的瓷砖马赛克织成的网，这些网是用一种间接的技术基于纸上的图纸制作的
澳洲阿德莱德作业代写:纸张的引入
The introduction and use of paper in Iran had a profound impact on Iranian culture that has scarcely been noticed or appreciated.  The widespread use of paper around 1000 coincided with the revival of the New Persian language and the introduction of more fluid scripts for writing Arabic script; the invention and development of the nastaʿliq script in the 14th and 15th centuries coincided with the flourishing of paper-based arts of the book and would come to characterize written Persian forever after (Blair, 2006).  Other uses of paper are less immediately apparent.  The shift from orality to writing in Iranian society, where written texts, deeds, and documents played an increasingly important role, was grounded in the increased availability of paper for writing, as was the quintessentially Iranian arts of the [illustrated] book, which flourished from the 14th century (Bloom, 2006).  Iranian artists developed the art of drawing on such media as ceramic bowls and tiles until the 13th century, when they began to work exclusively on paper to produce either finished drawings and paintings or cartoons that other artisans could realize in a variety of media (Bloom, 2000).  The increasing uniformity of Iranian architecture in the 15th century was grounded in paper-based plans and drawings that could be sent from one region to another to insure that builders built according to plan.  The glittering webs of tile mosaic that cover many of the finest Iranian buildings were made using an indirect technique based on paper drawings

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