澳洲堪培拉论文代写:消除双重危险

2017-03-26 15:34

消除双重危险原则,大大缩小了传闻证据规则的范围,允许引入证据前罪犯的犯罪和缩小陪审团审判的权利。所有这些变化降低程序性保护和公民自由在英格兰和威尔士,最无辜的人的信念会增加的流行。”(唐斯和摩根,2007:221),然后,我们可以再一次看到内在的悖论和二元性的更广泛的目标和目标内2003年刑事司法行为,一方面,国家旨在减少被告传递保管的句子的同时,另一方面,实际上增加公民的数量增加的有效“妖魔化”的“非正式主义”相结合当代刑事司法系统,不断扩大其净包括那些通常不会遇到正式刑事系统以任何方式,形状或形式。这是特别明显的关于青少年司法系统的大量句子被分发在几十年的保守党政府已经减少了在新工党只有,取而代之的是一个巨大的数量的增加年轻人遇到青年刑事司法系统区域,地方和非托管(Newburn和哈密,2005:355 - 385)。人能在多大程度上认为犯罪控制的一个系统是否比另一种更有效的完全取决于社会和政治意识形态的相信。专制法律和秩序的方法将视图的分发保管的句子提供一个更健壮的解决方案来预防犯罪,而传统的自由观点将国家的爬行能力增加的刑事司法系统是最可行的手段包含犯罪在一分之二十世纪。
澳洲堪培拉论文代写:消除双重危险
The Act eliminates the double jeopardy rule, greatly narrows the scope of the hearsay rule, permits introduction of evidence of offenders’ prior crimes and narrows jury trial rights. All of these changes diminish procedural protections and civil liberties in England and Wales and most will increase the prevalence of convictions of innocent people.” (Downes and Morgan, 2007:221)Herein, then, we can once more see the inherent paradoxes and dualities within the broader aims and objectives of the 2003 Criminal Justice Act whereby, on the one hand, the state seeks to reduce the number of defendants being handed custodial sentences while, on the other hand, actually increasing the number of citizens being effectively ‘criminalised’ by the increasing sense of ‘informalism’ pervading the contemporary criminal justice system which perpetually widens its net to include those people who would never normally encounter the formal criminal system in any way, shape or form. This has been particularly apparent with regards to the youth justice system where the high number of sentences being handed out during the decades of Tory government have been reduced under New Labour only to be replaced by a vast increase in the number of young people encountering the youth criminal justice system at the regional, local and non custodial level (Newburn and Souhami, 2005:355-385).The extent to which one can argue whether one system of crime control is more effective than the other depends entirely on the social and political ideology one believes in. An authoritarian approach to law and order would view the handing out of custodial sentences as offering a more robust solution to crime prevention while a traditional liberal viewpoint would state that the increasing creeping competences of the criminal justice system represents the most viable means of containing crime in the twenty first century.

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